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Siphon mechanism in collapsible tubes: application to circulation of the giraffe head

Controversy exists over the principles involved in determining blood flow to the head of a giraffe, specifically over the role of gravity pressure (pgh) in the collapsible jugular vein in facilitating uphill flow in arteries. This study investigates pressures within vertically oriented models containing both rigid and collapsible tubes. An inverted U-tube was constructed (height = 103 cm) of thick rubber tubing in the ascending limb and collapsible dialysis tubing in the descending limb. Water flow was induced by a

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Haemodynamics of the jugular vein in the giraffe

Controversy cotinues over the haemodynamics of the circulation to and from the head of the giraffe. The recent study by Hargens et al. provides new information explaining the absence of oedema in the legs of the ambulant giraffe. But in sedated, standing giraffes the pressure gradient down the jugular vein is about one-tenth of, and in the opposite direction to, that expected for a standing column of blood. Hargens et al. suggest that compartmentalization of the blood in the vein

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Circulation of the Giraffe

The long neck of the giraffe presents a unique problem in the regulation of the systemic arterial blood pressure and in the maintenance of the cerebral circulation. In 1954, Goetz and Budtz-Olsen succeeded in measuring the arterial blood pressure in a standing, unanesthetized giraffe. In this animal, approximately 13 feet tall, the carotid artery mean pressure was found to be 200 mm. Hg at the base of the brain. The present study was undertaken 2 years later as a sequel

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