The decrease in woody vegetation in Tsavo National Park has probably had adverse effects on woodland-adapted herbivores, including the giraffe (Girafa camelopardalis). In an ecological study we attempted to assess this species’ density, habitat preference and utilization, and population dynamics, using mainly road strip counts and identification of individual animals. Population structure varied seasonally and locally, indicating differential distribution of sex/age classes. Records on individually known animals suggested an annual mortality rate of c. 10% for adult plus subadult animals.