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Fiber type composition of the plantarflexors of giraffes (giraffa camelopardalis) at different postnatal stages of development

A sample of fibers from deep (close to the bone) and superficial (away from the bone) regions of the plantaris (PLT) and medial (MG) and lateral (LG) gastrocnemius muscles of a neonatal, a 17-day-old and an adult giraffe were typed qualitatively as dark or light based on alkaline preincubation myosin ATPase staining properties and then sized. Each muscle at all ages showed a higher percentage and a larger cross-sectional area (CSA) of light ATPase fibers in the deep than the

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Giraffe Cow-Calf Relationships and Social Development of the Calf in the Serengeti

Activity patterns of giraffe calves and calf-mother distances have been studied as functions of age and sex of the calf in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. Particular attention was paid to the nature of the cow-calf bond, suckling behavior, the social development of the calf, relationships between calves and between mother-calf pairs in calf groups, and the anti-predator behavior of mother and calf.

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Addressing the Nuances of Neonatal Giraffe

Veterinary care of neonatal giraffe poses many unique challenges. Preparation typically requires time consuming investigation and discussion. The goal of this presentation is to summarize these issues and offer a reference for potential solutions and planning, based on previous literature and unpublished experience of zoo professionals.

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Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase as a prognostic indicator of neonatal viability in nondomestic ruminants

Rapid assessment of immune status in neonatal ruminants of endangered species facilitates early intervention in cases of inadequate passive transfer of maternal immunoglobulins. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was used to evaluate suspected passive transfer status in 25 North Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis), 45 Cretan goats (Capra algagrus cretica), 20 white-lipped deer (Cervus albirostris), 25 Mhorr gazelles (Gazella dama mhorr), and 31 Soemmerring’s gazelles (Gazella soemmerringi soemmerringi). Serum GGT, measured within 48 hr of birth, was compared with clinical condition at

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