The duration and intensity of the cow-calf bond during lying out, calving pools, and nursery herds has been analysed in a wild population of giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa). Field behavior observations were made on naturally marked and radio-collared giraffe. Radio-tracking was used to follow and observe giraffe of a known age for up to 1.5 years. The giraffe calf participates in various calf sub-groups while the cow travels to browse and water. A strong maternal bond exists between the giraffe