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Oral Stereotypies in Captive Giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) Associated with Food Intake

Ungulates are the most prevalent mammalian stereotypers (Bergeron et al., 2006). Oral stereotypies are the most common abnormal behavior of zoo-housed giraffes, suggesting that this species develops stereotypic tongue movements (Bashaw et al., 2001). Wild giraffes must use their tongues to remove and consume tree leaves (Baxter & Plowman, 2001); therefore, the saliva production may be high due to the oral stimulation and time involved in selective feeding patterns (Kearney, 2005). Feeding captive giraffes is a challenge. Their diet consists

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